Developing and implementing a process to ensure technologies continue to meet detection requirements after deployment would help ensure that TSA screening procedures are effective and enable TSA to take corrective action if needed. In 20, DHS tested a sample of deployed explosives trace detection and bottled liquid scanner units and found that some no longer met detection requirements. However, neither process ensures that technologies continue to meet requirements after deployment. ![]() TSA certifies technologies to ensure they meet requirements before deployment, and screeners are to regularly calibrate deployed technologies to demonstrate they are minimally operational. Technology performance can degrade over time however, TSA does not ensure that technologies continue to meet detection requirements after deployment to airports. Moving forward, increased transparency about TSA's decisions would better ensure that deployment of technologies matches potential risks. However, TSA did not document the extent risk played a role in deployment, and could not fully explain how risk analyses contributed to those decisions. TSA considers risks across the civil aviation system when making acquisition decisions. TSA's deployment decisions are generally based on logistical factors and it is unclear how risk is considered when determining where and in what order technologies are deployed because TSA did not document its decisions. ![]() For the standards GAO reviewed, this process took 2 to 7 years, based on manufacturers' technical abilities and other factors. TSA operationalizes standards by adapting them as detection requirements, working with manufacturers to develop and test new technologies (software or hardware), and acquiring and deploying technologies to airports. Detection standards specify the prohibited items (e.g., guns, explosives) that technologies are to detect, the minimum rate of detection, and the maximum rate at which technologies incorrectly flag an item. The Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Transportation Security Administration (TSA) operationalizes, or puts into effect, detection standards for its screening technologies by acquiring and deploying new technologies, which can take years.
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